Professor Ajla Aksamija received a patent for an innovative active facade technology. The patent is for a novel type of facades, which integrate thermoelectric materials for heating, cooling, and energy generation. Thermoelectric materials are smart materials that generate heat or cooling when electricity is applied, exploiting the Peltier effect, and produce a voltage when exposed to a temperature gradient, utilizing the Seebeck effect. The developed system integrates thermoelectric modules within the building skin. Coupled with heat sinks, conductive materials and an electronic controller, the thermoelectric modules are employed to heat or cool interior spaces of buildings, providing highly efficient and localized thermal management without requiring ducting, piping, or other large installations commonly associated with forced-air systems. In addition, these novel facades can take advantage of temperature differences between interior and exterior to generate electricity at those times when active heating or cooling is not in use.

The system can be integrated into various facade types, regardless of the building function (residential or commercial buildings, healthcare facilities, schools, etc.). Its modularity allows for easy installation into exterior walls of existing buildings. Additionally, they can be used in the design and construction of new buildings. The major benefits of this system are that no moving parts are required for the operation, and the system does not require ductwork or harmful refrigerants as conventional HVAC systems. Therefore, reduced operating costs, improved user comfort, lower environmental impact, and potential for significant energy savings are advantages of this novel system.

The patent is a culminating point for the extensive research work associated with this new technology, including prototyping, experimental studies, and simulations and modeling that span nearly a decade of development.